Section 1.1: The Launch of the James Webb Telescope

One of the most extraordinary scientific accomplishments of 2021 was the launch of the James Webb Telescope on December 25. Regarded as the most advanced telescope ever built, its mission is to delve into the far reaches of the universe and capture images more detailed than any previous telescopes have achieved. This initiative aims to identify planets with atmospheres akin to Earth's, potentially paving the way for future human habitation. The telescope boasts cutting-edge technology, including massive mirrors measuring approximately 20 feet and protective shades to shield it from solar radiation. Its sophisticated camera and sensor systems, totaling four, enhance its ability to analyze and store data. The images it has produced, such as the stunning ‘Pillars of Creation,’ are nothing short of breathtaking.

The first video showcases the biggest scientific breakthroughs of 2022, highlighting revolutionary advancements across various fields.

Section 1.2: The Development of the 127-Qubit Quantum Processor

Another significant milestone in quantum computing was the introduction of a 127-qubit quantum processor, developed by IBM and unveiled in November 2021. This remarkable achievement surpasses the previous record of 100 qubits, marking a pivotal moment in computing technology. These quantum computers operate at speeds and efficiencies that far exceed traditional desktop systems, showcasing the rapid evolution of this field.

Section 1.3: Insights into Gas Giant Planet Formation

NASA has long sought to comprehend how gas giants like Jupiter are formed. For years, observations were limited to their current states, leaving scientists to speculate about their origins. However, in April 2022, NASA utilized the Hubble Telescope to discover a solar system in the early stages of planet formation, known as AB Aurigae, located approximately 505 light-years from Earth. This system includes a planet nearly nine times the size of Jupiter.

Section 1.4: Dual Sound Velocities on Mars

In a fascinating discovery, NASA's Perseverance rover recorded two distinct sound velocities on Mars. The five-hour recording revealed that sound travels slower on Mars than on Earth, attributed to its thinner, colder atmosphere. However, scientists also noted a delay effect, indicating that high and low-frequency sounds travel at different speeds near the Martian surface.

Section 1.5: The DART Mission

The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) represents not only a remarkable achievement of 2022 but also a significant milestone in human ingenuity. This mission, aimed at altering the trajectory of the asteroid Dimorphos, is a crucial step in safeguarding our planet from potential cosmic threats. While the alteration achieved was modest—reducing Dimorphos' orbit from 11 hours 55 minutes to 11 hours 23 minutes—it marks a pioneering effort in planetary defense.

The second video highlights Science's 2021 Breakthrough of the Year, focusing on AI's role in predicting protein structures.

Contributed by Rishab Karki and curated by the author.

Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this article, please consider showing your support by clicking the clap icon. For those interested in more of my work, you can become a Medium member through this link or buy me a coffee. Stay tuned for more fascinating stories!