The Bessemer Dilemma

Despite his reputation, Bessemer's licensees could not achieve the same results. This raised questions about whether Bessemer had misled them. But to understand this, we must first explore the differences between tacit and explicit knowledge.

Explicit Knowledge vs. Tacit Knowledge

Explicit knowledge consists of systematic, rule-based information typically taught through formal education, often referred to as codified knowledge or “Know-What.”

Consider how you acquired your first language. Did you learn grammatical rules and structures before communicating, or did you pick up on cues from your environment? Most likely, you learned through interaction, demonstrating the essence of tacit knowledge.

In contrast, as an adult learning a new language, I found it essential to follow a structured approach, focusing on grammar before applying what I learned in real-life situations. This evolution from a tacit to a more explicit understanding illustrates the blend of both knowledge types.

The Bessemer Process Revisited

Henry Bessemer was not deceiving anyone; his process required a level of tacit knowledge and skill that could not be captured in patents or written guidelines. He constructed a fully operational model in his lab, but this only highlighted the inadequacies of his licensees, leading them to abandon his method.

Ultimately, Bessemer established his own steel mill and became a leader in the industry. It raises the question of whether he or his licensees recognized the root of their challenges lay in tacit knowledge.

Lessons from Bessemer's Experience

This narrative suggests that effective learning intertwines both tacit and explicit knowledge. For instance, mastering mathematics requires a robust foundation in explicit knowledge, yet creativity and enjoyment emerge when one engages with the subject practically.

As a comedian might say, “Explaining a joke ruins the humor,” similarly, learning should be an exploratory process. Expertise arises from solid fundamentals, combined with the adventurous application of knowledge.

Enhancing Learning Through Tacit Knowledge

Every individual possesses a unique learning style, requiring a subjective approach. Notice when you lose interest; this is crucial feedback. When boredom strikes, explore your current knowledge base, but avoid moving too far ahead.

Balance is essential. Commit to building strong foundations through disciplined study of explicit knowledge, which will pave the way for more engaging experiences. Your tacit knowledge, shaped by personal experiences, defines your individuality and allows you to express yourself.

The principles discussed here extend beyond mathematics, applicable to any learning journey—whether technical or artistic. The ratio of tacit to explicit knowledge will differ based on your field and personal inclinations. Discover what resonates with you and pursue it confidently!

For a comprehensive overview of my work, please visit my about page. References: Michael Polanyi and J. E. Gordon.

This video discusses the foundational knowledge that drives understanding and creativity—tacit knowledge's role in learning.

In this seminar, experts explore how big data can unveil tacit knowledge, enhancing educational practices and learning outcomes.